The Republican People's Party (CHP) is Turkey's oldest active political party and serves as the country's primary secular, social-democratic main opposition party. It advocates for democratic governance, civil liberties, and the secular principles of Kemalism within the Grand National Assembly of Turkey. Founded in 1923 by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the party oversaw the establishment of the modern republic and governed during its formative modernization era until 1950.