The activities of Israeli spies have already described the biblical books of the Old Testament. Several thousand years later reborn Jewish state in Palestine , and with it , a new Israeli intelligence .
The idea of building a modern Jewish state , propagated by the so-called Zionist movement arose in the late nineteenth century. At this time began the emigration of Jews from Central and Eastern Europe to Palestine. Theme creation of a Jewish state was scrolling in British politics and diplomacy of the interwar period , as the United Kingdom managed during this period Palestine with the consent of the League of Nations . But it was sympathy for the Jews , due to their suffering during the Holocaust made the powers have become more willing to support this concept. In 1947, the UN General Assembly approved the draft participation of Palestine into two independent states – one Jewish and one Arab. However, it has not entered into force. May 14, 1948 the British withdrew their troops and the administration of Palestine. On the same day in Tel – Aviv announced the creation of Israel .
Lawsuit of Adolf Eichmann
Eighteen months later, the intelligence services of the new state . Like his army and administration, not molded them from scratch . Previously , there was a clandestine military organization of Palestinian Jews – the Haganah , having also a branch intelligence , called Saia. Hagan has evolved into an army of Israel, and Saia in his intelligence . Its structure was initially quite complicated and involved several different organizations , sometimes opposition to one another . Only with time the situation has been ordered and the 50s operate in Israel three main intelligence services .
Although the name of the Mossad commonly used as a synonym for Israeli intelligence , Institute for Intelligence and Special Tasks is only one of several local secret services . It is subject directly to the Prime Minister of Israel.
In addition, the work of Shin Bet ( internal intelligence ) and Aman ( military intelligence ) . Probably there and there are other, secret structures, such as LAKAM , dealing with gaining secret military technology , with particular emphasis on nuclear weapons. Solved it in 1986 , after the accidental disclosure of its existence. LAKAM achieve the largest known that besides ” customary ” is assigned to the Mossad , was illegal gain the technical documentation of the French Mirage jet type 5
In 1967 , the so-called Six-Day War France, which was previously one of the main suppliers of arms to Israel, announced an embargo on it . In the yard were detained , among others, five gunboats ordered by Israel . Since the purchase has already been paid, the Israeli authorities have felt cheated . The Mossad was given the task to deliver the ships to the country . Sailors dressed as tourists come to France. On Christmas Eve , when the guards were not too vigilant , agents secretly introduced sailors into the yard. Before anyone realized ships already sailed in the Mediterranean . A few days later, the enthusiastic crowd greeted them in the port of Haifa.
Another ” victim” of the embargo was 50 combat aircraft Dassault Mirage 5J . Aviation of Egypt by Soviet aid instantly reborn after the losses of the Six Day War , the Israelis so desperately needed new aircraft. Bought them in the U.S. , but apart from that it was decided to produce their own . It was decided to copy Mirage ` s , where Israeli aviation already have used . After a long search LAKAM agents found a man who agreed to convey , among others, plans to complete the aircraft. It was a Swiss engineer Alfred Frauenknecht , working in factories producing aircraft engines . Cooperation with the intelligence took , he said, with sympathy for Israel , even though he was not a Jew . For the transfer of the plans received by various sources from 200,000 to $ 4,000,000 . Swiss Frauenknecht activity detected and arrested him . He was sentenced to 4.5 years in prison , of which he served one year.
For the first great success Sediment is considered to get the text in 1956, Nikita Khrushchev secret speech at the Twentieth Congress of the CPSU , which denounced Stalin and Stalinism as a departure from the ideals of socialism. In the Soviet Union the text of the paper only became available in 1989.
Most of the activities Sludge is a typical work of all the interviews in the world : the tedious acquiring any information that may be relevant to the security of the state and its interests . The methods of operation did not differ much from those of other intelligence agencies : the recruitment of agents , observation, wiretapping and the like. It is believed that the Mossad puts a special emphasis on the so-called ” HUMINT “, ie the use of informers , and not the various technical means. There is also a section of so-called ” white history “, dealing with the ” reading between the lines ” officially published messages. In recent years, it becomes an important tool for the intelligence and the Internet . Details of everyday Sludge are , of course, confidential and only rarely some information come to light . What distinguishes the Mossad from other interviews , is the ability to use aid around the world of voluntary collaborators , recruited from among persons of Jewish origin , known in Hebrew as sayanim . While many shares they gave invaluable service .
In addition to the typical Mossad intelligence activities pursued repeatedly task due to the nature of the Jewish state , for example, the search for Nazi fugitives responsible for the crimes of the Holocaust. One of the most famous actions of the Mossad was bringing before the face of the Israeli court of Adolf Eichmann , who led the extermination of Jews during World War II. In 1957, the Mossad has received a signal from the West German intelligence that Reichmann hiding in Argentina. Isser Harel Director Sludge immediately sent his men to South America. After more than two years of searching Reichmann was found in Buenos Aires, where he lived with his family after an assumed name . Israeli Prime Minister David Ben -Gurion personally authorized the kidnapping. The action reported more than 20 volunteers who have lost loved ones in the Holocaust. Therefore, psychologically whole operation was particularly difficult – the agents have to be very careful to control your emotions . Action personally directed the director of Harel .
Group agents came to Argentina with false documents . On-site full-time forger Sludge prepared them further . May 11, 1960 , three agents abducted Eichmann before his house and took him to the rented apartment in Buenos Aires. He did not resist and immediately admitted who he is. Ten days later, agents with his ” prey ” returned to Israel on the plane of Israeli airline El Al . On departure , all set up fake uniforms , El Al . To be sure the doctor injected Eichmann strong sedative. When the whole group boarded the plane , resulting in a sleepy town ” friend “, no one suspected . The pilot found out about the passenger’s identity until after takeoff . The public heard about the whole thing the next day, when the Prime Minister announced in Parliament information on the terms sought after Nazi . A year later began the process of Eichmann , media coverage from around the world . He was sentenced to death for crimes against humanity and June 1, 1962 was hanged .
