Senate of SpainParliament

The Senate of Spain is the upper house of the Spanish parliament, the Cortes Generales. Defined by the Constitution as a chamber of territorial representation, its mandate includes reviewing, amending, and vetoing legislation passed by the Congress of Deputies, as well as overseeing regional affairs. It was formally established under the 1837 Constitution following the earlier bicameral model introduced in the 1834 Royal Statute. After being dissolved in 1923 and remaining absent during the Second Republic and the Francoist dictatorship, it was restored with the transition to democracy in 1978.